Formal Existential with 以...为
以...为 is a formal construction meaning 'to take/regard A as B,' used for definitions and principles.
Pattern
以 + A + 为 + B
Explanation
以...为 is a classical construction that remains highly productive in modern formal Chinese. It means 'to take A as B' or 'to regard A as B.' It is used to state principles, define standards, or express what something is centered around.
Common fixed expressions include 以...为主 (to take as primary), 以...为准 (to take as the standard), 以...为荣 (to take pride in), and 以...为耻 (to regard as shameful). This pattern is essential in political discourse, academic writing, and corporate communication.
Examples
我们应以事实为依据。
Wǒmen yīng yǐ shìshí wéi yījù.
We should take facts as the basis.
公司以客户满意为最高目标。
Gōngsī yǐ kèhù mǎnyì wéi zuìgāo mùbiāo.
The company takes customer satisfaction as its highest goal.
他以诚信为本，赢得了大家的信任。
Tā yǐ chéngxìn wéi běn, yíngdé le dàjiā de xìnrèn.
He takes integrity as his foundation and has won everyone's trust.
Common Mistakes
以学生为主的学习。
以学生为主的学习方式。
The 以...为 phrase modifies a noun and needs a complete noun phrase after 的.
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